The COVID-19 pandemic: A well-being model for public servants

Abstract

Orientation: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted several facets of society, with public sector employees particularly hard hit. Supporting public servants’ crisis-resilience became imperative. This study presents a well-being model based on positive psychology that is specifically designed for public servants. According to the model, optimal function is achieved when all the key components of well-being, drawing from both organisational and individual well-being, are considered.

Research purpose: To create a well-being model that promotes a healthy work environment for public employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Motivation for the study: COVID-19 intensified concerns about workplace well-being. However, limited research exists on public servants’ well-being in non-human service roles in South Africa, highlighting the need for a new model to enhance well-being during uncertain times.

Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional, quantitative research design was employed. Data were collected via questionnaires from a convenience sample of 218 South African public sector employees. Descriptive, correlational, hierarchical moderated analyses and structural equation modelling were conducted.

Main findings: A significant positive relationship was found between individual and organisational well-being. Public servants with high-rated well-being components demonstrated optimal functioning, while those with low-rated components exhibited reduced well-being.

Practical/managerial implications: The study identifies the need to support both individual and organisational well-being as interdependent contributors to public servants’ resilience during crises.

Contribution/value-add: This article promotes a systems-based approach grounded in positive psychology and transformational leadership to enhance public servant well-being during and beyond crises.